“Without the Holy Spirit, Christian discipleship would be inconceivable, even impossible. There can be no life without the life-giver, no understanding without the Spirit of truth, no fellowship without the unity of the Spirit, no Christlikeness of character apart from his fruit, and no effective witness without his power. As a body without breath is a corpse, so the church without the Spirit is dead.” John Stott

1. The event: the coming of the Holy Spirit (2:1–13)

2. The explanation: the Holy Spirit’s coming shows Jesus is Lord-Messiah (2:14–36)

* We are now living in the New Age of the Holy Spirit, when God has poured out his Spirit upon “all” people.

* This New Age of the Spirit has been ushered in through the death and resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth, who is the Messiah.

*  God raised Jesus, who is the Messiah, from the dead in accordance with Scriptures, and was seen by witnesses.

* Jesus’ Messiahship was confirmed by God in exalting Jesus to his right hand and bestowing upon him the Name above every name: he is the Lord.

3. The reaction: repent and be baptized in the name of Jesus and receive the promised gift: the forgiveness of sins and the Holy Spirit (2:37–41).

“Destruction of the cosmos” language is used figuratively in Scripture to refer to the historical end of a sinful nation’s existence through divine judgment and the emerging dominance of a victorious kingdom. Time and again, this language is applied metaphorically to the end of various epochs or kingdoms during the OT era – such as Babylon (Is.13), Edom (Is. 34,) and Egypt (Ez. 32).” GK Beale