Major Developments in the Western Church during the 19th and 20th Centuries

Three negative influences within Evangelicalism during the 1800s & 1900s:

1. The normalization of revivalist practices into church life.
   • The bad: Charles Finney (1792-1875)
   • Finney’s new measures: Longgggg meetings & Anxious Benches
   • The good: D.L Moody (1837-1899)
2. The Rise of Theological Liberalism
   • Friedrich Schleiermacher (1768-1834)
   • The “Higher Critical” Method of Scholarship
   • Fundamentalist-Modernist Controversies of the 1890s-1920s
   • Harry Fosdick vs. J. Gresham Machen
   • The mixed influence of Karl Barth (1886-1968)
3. Overrealized Ecumenism
   • The British Ecumenical Councils of the 1950s-1990s.
   • J.I Packer & John Stott vs. Martyn Lloyd-Jones

A case study of all of the above: Billy Graham (1918-2018)
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A positive movement: The rise of modern missions

• The Great Missionary Century: 1792-1910
• William Carey, Adoniram Judson, etc.